You may have seen in the news recently that acetaminophen (Tylenol), when taken during pregnancy, has been suggested as a possible cause of autism.
The FDA responded to these reports, acknowledging ongoing studies but emphasizing that current evidence does not show a direct cause-and-effect relationship. Understandably, these headlines can be concerning for parents and expecting families.
At Community Choice Pediatrics, our mission is to provide compassionate, evidence-based care and empower parents with clear, reliable information so they can make the best decisions for their families. In this article, we’ll address the recent news, provide context about autism, and share what the latest science actually tells us.
What is Autism and Why Are Rates Increasing?
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. While no single cause has been identified, research shows that genetics play a significant role, with twin studies suggesting 60–90% of autism risk comes from DNA. The apparent rise in autism rates is largely due to increased awareness, broader diagnostic criteria, earlier screening, and better access to services. For example, the American Academy of Pediatrics adopted universal screening at 18–24 months in 2007, and the DSM-5 (2013) expanded the definition of autism to include related conditions like Asperger syndrome and PDD-NOS. As a result, more individuals are being identified across a wider spectrum.
Treatment Approaches
The primary evidence-based treatment for autism is Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), with early intervention being crucial for the best outcomes.
Leucovorin as a Proposed Treatment
Leucovorin may benefit a small subset of autistic individuals, particularly those with antibodies against a folate receptor. However, research is limited and ongoing. Even experts like Dr. Richard Frye caution that leucovorin is not a cure-all and should be used alongside other therapies.
Tylenol (Acetaminophen) and Autism
Acetaminophen has long been considered safe for use during pregnancy by major medical organizations. While some studies have found a correlation between prenatal Tylenol exposure and neurodevelopmental disorders, others—including a large 2024 Swedish study—found no such link. Importantly, correlation does not equal causation, and many studies have methodological flaws. The FDA states that a causal relationship has not been established.
Weighing Risks and Benefits
No medication is completely risk-free. Untreated maternal fever during pregnancy can pose significant risks to the fetus, including neural tube defects and preterm delivery. Alternative pain relievers like NSAIDs and opioids carry their own risks. Pregnant women should always consult their healthcare provider before taking any medication. Infection and Fever in Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Findings from the Study to Explore Early Development – PMC
Vaccines and Autism
Extensive research has shown that vaccines do not cause autism. Vaccines are essential for protecting children and pregnant women from serious diseases. Vaccination before and during pregnancy also helps protect the fetus and newborn.
Closing Thoughts
Autism is a multifactorial condition with increasing rates due to better recognition and broader definitions. Treatments like ABA are most effective when started early. While leucovorin and Tylenol have been discussed in relation to autism, current evidence does not support Tylenol as a cause, and leucovorin is not a universal treatment. Vaccines remain safe and vital for public health. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical decisions.
At Community Choice Pediatrics, we know parents want clear, trustworthy answers when it comes to their child’s health. Our team is here to provide evidence-based guidance and compassionate care, so you can feel confident in the decisions you make for your family. If you have questions about autism, pregnancy, or your child’s development, schedule an appointment to talk to one of our providerscontact —we are here to support you every step of the way.